Biochemical blood test in dogs, what are the indicators? - briefly
A biochemical blood test in dogs evaluates various metabolic functions and organ health by measuring key indicators such as liver enzymes (ALT, ALP), kidney values (BUN, creatinine), electrolytes (sodium, potassium), and glucose levels. These tests help veterinarians diagnose diseases and monitor the overall well-being of canines.
Biochemical blood test in dogs, what are the indicators? - in detail
A biochemical blood test is an essential diagnostic tool for evaluating a dog's health status. This type of test measures various chemical components in the blood, providing valuable insights into organ function, metabolic processes, and overall well-being. Here are some key indicators commonly assessed during a biochemical blood test in dogs:
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Albumin (ALB): Albumin is a protein produced by the liver that helps maintain fluid balance within the body. Low albumin levels may indicate liver disease, kidney issues, or malnutrition.
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Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT): ALT is an enzyme primarily found in the liver. Elevated ALT levels can suggest hepatic damage or disease. It's crucial to monitor this indicator in dogs suspected of having liver problems.
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Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): ALP is another liver enzyme that can also be produced by bones. High ALP levels may indicate liver disease, bone growth in young dogs, or certain types of cancer.
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Amylase (AMY): Amylase is an enzyme involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Although not specific to any single organ, elevated amylase levels can suggest pancreatitis or other gastrointestinal issues in dogs.
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Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST): Similar to ALT, AST is an enzyme found mainly in the liver but also present in muscles and red blood cells. Increased AST levels can indicate liver disease or muscle damage.
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Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): BUN is a byproduct of protein metabolism, primarily excreted by the kidneys. High BUN levels may suggest dehydration, kidney disease, or certain gastrointestinal disorders.
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Creatinine (CREA): Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscle activity and excreted by the kidneys. Elevated creatinine levels can indicate renal insufficiency or dehydration.
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Glucose (GLU): Glucose is the primary sugar in the blood, serving as the body's main energy source. Abnormal glucose levels can suggest diabetes mellitus, pancreatic disease, or other metabolic disorders.
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Total Protein (TP): Total protein includes both albumin and globulins, which are produced by the liver in response to infection or inflammation. Low total protein levels may indicate malnutrition, liver disease, or kidney issues.
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Calcium (Ca): Calcium is essential for bone health, muscle function, and nerve transmission. Abnormal calcium levels can suggest various conditions, including hormonal imbalances, nutritional deficiencies, or certain types of cancer.
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Phosphorus (PHOS): Phosphorus plays a vital role in bone health and energy metabolism. Altered phosphorus levels can indicate kidney disease, parathyroid hormone imbalances, or nutritional issues.
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Cholesterol (CHOL): Cholesterol is a type of fat produced by the liver and found in the bloodstream. High cholesterol levels may suggest hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, or certain liver diseases.
These indicators provide veterinarians with crucial information about a dog's internal health status. Regular biochemical blood testing is recommended to monitor for any changes that could signal the onset of disease. Early detection and intervention are key in maintaining a dog's overall well-being and longevity.