From whom did dogs and cats descend? - briefly
Dogs and cats are believed to have descended from a common ancestor known as the carnivoran, which lived approximately 40 million years ago. Over time, these species diverged into distinct lineages that gave rise to modern dogs and cats.
From whom did dogs and cats descend? - in detail
The origins of dogs and cats can be traced back to their wild ancestors through a process known as domestication, which occurred over thousands of years ago.
Dogs are believed to have descended from wolves. Scientific evidence suggests that the first dogs were domesticated from gray wolves around 15,000 to 40,000 years ago. This process likely began when early humans adopted wolf pups, selecting for traits such as tameness and docility. Over generations, these wolves evolved into the diverse range of dog breeds we see today. Genetic studies have shown that all modern dogs share a common ancestor with gray wolves, indicating a single domestication event.
Cats, on the other hand, descended from African wildcats (Felis lybica). The domestication of cats began around 10,000 years ago in the Near East and Egypt. This process was likely driven by the need to control rodent populations that threatened grain stores. Early farmers may have encouraged semi-wild cats to live near their settlements, providing food and shelter. Over time, these wildcats became more accustomed to human presence and eventually evolved into the domestic cats we know today. Genetic analysis has confirmed that all modern domestic cats share a common ancestor with African wildcats.
Both dogs and cats have undergone significant morphological and behavioral changes since their domestication. Through selective breeding, humans have shaped these animals to suit various roles, from companionship and hunting to herding and guarding. Today, dogs and cats are among the most popular pets worldwide, reflecting their deep-rooted historical connection with human civilization.