How are kidney stones removed from dogs? - briefly
Kidney stones in dogs are typically removed through surgical procedures such as ureteroscopy or lithotripsy, or by administering specialized diets and medications to dissolve smaller stones.
How are kidney stones removed from dogs? - in detail
Kidney stones in dogs are removed through a combination of diagnostic procedures, medical management, and surgical interventions, depending on the size, location, and type of stones. Initially, veterinarians use diagnostic tools such as X-rays, ultrasounds, and urinalysis to confirm the presence of kidney stones and assess their characteristics. For smaller stones, non-surgical methods may be employed. Dietary changes, including prescription diets that alter urine pH, can help dissolve certain types of stones, such as struvite. Increased water intake is encouraged to promote urine flow and potentially flush out smaller stones. Medications, such as antibiotics for infection-related stones or drugs to reduce stone formation, may also be prescribed.
For larger stones or those causing blockages, surgical intervention is often necessary. One common surgical method is nephrotomy, where the kidney is opened to remove the stones directly. This procedure is typically reserved for severe cases due to the risks associated with kidney surgery. Another approach is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), a non-invasive technique that uses sound waves to break the stones into smaller fragments, which can then pass through the urinary tract naturally. In some cases, minimally invasive procedures such as ureteroscopy or percutaneous nephrolithotomy may be used to access and remove stones through small incisions or natural body openings.
Post-treatment, ongoing management is crucial to prevent recurrence. This includes regular monitoring through imaging and urine tests, maintaining a specific diet, and ensuring adequate hydration. Early detection and appropriate treatment are essential to minimize complications and ensure the dog’s long-term health.