How do dogs get coronavirus? - briefly
Dogs can contract coronavirus through direct contact with an infected person or another animal, typically via respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing. Additionally, they may acquire the virus by coming into contact with contaminated surfaces and then touching their nose, mouth, or eyes.
How do dogs get coronavirus? - in detail
Dogs can contract coronaviruses through various routes, primarily involving close contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. The most common types of coronaviruses that affect dogs are Canine Respiratory Coronavirus (CRCoV) and Canine Enteric Coronavirus (CECoV), each having distinct modes of transmission.
One of the primary ways dogs get coronavirus is through direct contact with an infected dog. This can occur during social interactions such as sniffing, licking, or playing together. The virus can be present in bodily secretions like saliva and feces, making these activities potential vectors for transmission.
Indirect transmission is another significant route by which dogs can contract coronaviruses. Contaminated surfaces can harbor the virus for extended periods, depending on factors such as temperature and humidity. Dogs may become infected by coming into contact with these surfaces and subsequently touching their muzzle or eyes, allowing the virus to enter the body. Common contaminated surfaces include kennel floors, food bowls, and toys shared among dogs.
Aerosol transmission is also a consideration, particularly in environments where multiple dogs are housed together, such as shelters or breeding facilities. When an infected dog coughs or sneezes, it can release virus particles into the air that other dogs may inhale, leading to infection. This mode of transmission is more relevant for respiratory coronaviruses like CRCoV.
Furthermore, vertical transmission has been observed in some cases. Pregnant dogs infected with CECoV can pass the virus on to their puppies, either during gestation or shortly after birth. This form of transmission can be particularly detrimental as it compromises the immune system of newborn puppies, leading to severe health issues and even mortality.
Understanding these various routes of transmission is crucial for dog owners and veterinary professionals in implementing effective preventive measures. Regular cleaning and disinfection of living areas, practicing good hygiene, and ensuring proper ventilation can significantly reduce the risk of coronavirus transmission among dogs. Additionally, vaccination against known canine coronaviruses is recommended to bolster the immune system and minimize the impact of potential infections.