How is a dog's pedigree read? - briefly
A dog's pedigree is typically read from bottom to top, with the sire (father) on the left and the dam (mother) on the right. The top line represents the most recent ancestor, while the bottom line shows the dog itself.
How is a dog's pedigree read? - in detail
Reading a dog's pedigree involves understanding its format and the symbols used within it. A pedigree, also known as a family tree or ancestry chart, provides valuable information about a dog's lineage and genetic background. Typically, a pedigree consists of multiple generations, with each generation listed in chronological order from top to bottom.
The format usually includes the following elements:
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Sire (Father): The sire is the father of the dog whose pedigree you are reading. His name or registration number will be placed on the left side of the pedigree, directly above his offspring.
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Dam (Mother): The dam is the mother of the dog. Her name or registration number will be placed on the right side of the pedigree, also directly above her offspring.
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Offspring: The dog whose pedigree you are reading will be positioned at the bottom of the chart. This dog is the result of the sire and dam's mating.
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Previous Generations: Above the sire and dam, you will find their parents and possibly their grandparents, depending on how far back the pedigree goes. Each generation is typically separated by a horizontal line for clarity.
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Registration Numbers: Alongside each dog's name, you will often see a registration number. This unique identifier is assigned by the registry that maintains the dog's records, such as the American Kennel Club (AKC) or the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI).
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Symbols and Abbreviations: Pedigrees may include various symbols and abbreviations to indicate specific information about a dog's lineage. For example:
- Asterisks (*) or other marks next to a name might signify that the dog has achieved certain titles or awards.
- Letters like "Ch" (for Champion) or "GCh" (Grand Champion) indicate particular achievements in conformation shows.
- Abbreviations such as "HD" for hip dysplasia or "OFA" for Orthopedic Foundation for Animals might indicate health certifications.
Understanding these elements allows you to trace the dog's lineage, identify its ancestral background, and recognize any notable achievements or health information. By examining the pedigree, breeders and owners can make informed decisions about breeding programs, potential health issues, and the overall quality of the dog.