How much acetaminophen can I give my dog? - briefly
Do not give your dog acetaminophen without veterinary supervision. Even small amounts can be toxic to dogs.
How much acetaminophen can I give my dog? - in detail
Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is a commonly used over-the-counter medication for humans to relieve pain and reduce fever. However, when it comes to administering acetaminophen to dogs, extreme caution is necessary due to the significant differences in how dogs metabolize this drug compared to humans.
In dogs, acetaminophen is primarily metabolized by the liver through a process called glucuronidation. Unlike humans, who can also excrete acetaminophen via the kidneys, dogs rely almost exclusively on their liver for this purpose. This means that any impairment or overload of the liver can lead to severe toxicity in dogs.
The safe dosage of acetaminophen for dogs is extremely low and highly variable depending on several factors, including the dog's weight, age, overall health, and any underlying medical conditions. As a general guideline, veterinarians often recommend avoiding acetaminophen altogether unless explicitly directed by a professional. The margin between a safe dose and a toxic dose is very narrow, making it a high-risk medication for dogs.
If a dog accidentally ingests acetaminophen, immediate veterinary care is crucial. Symptoms of acetaminophen toxicity in dogs may include lethargy, loss of appetite, swelling of the face or paws, and changes in urine color. In severe cases, it can lead to liver failure, which can be life-threatening.
It is essential for pet owners to understand that human medications are not always safe for dogs. Always consult with a veterinarian before administering any medication to your dog. If you suspect your dog has ingested acetaminophen, contact your veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center immediately for guidance and emergency care instructions.