How much paracetamol can be given to a dog? - briefly
Paracetamol is highly toxic to dogs and should never be administered without veterinary guidance. The safe dosage for dogs is not clearly established, and even small amounts can cause severe liver damage.
How much paracetamol can be given to a dog? - in detail
Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is a commonly used over-the-counter medication for humans, but it can be highly toxic to dogs. The safe administration of paracetamol to dogs requires careful consideration due to their unique metabolic processes and sensitivity to the drug.
In dogs, paracetamol is primarily metabolized by the liver through a process called glucuronidation. However, dogs have a limited capacity for this pathway compared to humans, which leads to a slower clearance of the drug from their system. As a result, even small doses of paracetamol can accumulate in a dog's body and cause significant toxicity.
The toxic dose of paracetamol for dogs is generally considered to be 5-10 mg/kg, with some dogs showing signs of toxicity at even lower doses. Symptoms of paracetamol toxicity in dogs can include lethargy, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, vomiting, and changes in urine color. In severe cases, it can lead to liver failure, which is often fatal if not treated promptly.
Due to the high risk of toxicity, veterinarians typically recommend avoiding the use of paracetamol in dogs altogether. If a dog accidentally ingests paracetamol, immediate veterinary attention is crucial. Treatment may include inducing vomiting, administering activated charcoal to prevent further absorption, and providing supportive care such as intravenous fluids and medications to protect the liver.
In summary, the safe administration of paracetamol to dogs is extremely limited due to their unique metabolism and sensitivity to the drug. Even small doses can lead to toxicity, making it essential for dog owners to keep paracetamol out of reach and consult a veterinarian immediately if accidental ingestion occurs.