How to determine an undershot jaw in a dog? - briefly
To determine if a dog has an undershot jaw, observe the alignment of its teeth when the mouth is closed. If the lower incisors protrude noticeably beyond the upper incisors, this indicates an undershot jaw condition.
How to determine an undershot jaw in a dog? - in detail
To determine an undershot jaw in a dog, one must carefully examine the dog's facial structure and alignment of its teeth. An undershot jaw, also known as a prognathism, is a condition where the lower jaw (mandible) extends beyond the upper jaw (maxilla), resulting in the lower teeth resting in front of the upper teeth when the mouth is closed.
Firstly, observe the dog's profile from the side. In a normal bite, the upper and lower incisors should meet evenly or with the upper incisors slightly overlapping the lower ones. However, in an undershot jaw, the lower incisors will protrude noticeably beyond the upper incisors. This misalignment is often quite evident and can be seen without any specialized equipment.
Next, examine the dog's teeth more closely. Open the dog's mouth gently to inspect the alignment of both the incisors (front teeth) and the canines (fangs). In an undershot jaw, the lower canines will typically rest in front of the upper canines, creating a significant gap between them when the mouth is closed. This gap can vary in size depending on the severity of the condition.
Additionally, assess the overall facial appearance of the dog. An undershot jaw can affect the shape and appearance of the muzzle, often giving it a more blunt or squared-off look compared to a normal bite. The cheeks may also appear fuller due to the lower jaw's protrusion.
It is important to note that while an undershot jaw is considered a fault in many breed standards, it does not necessarily cause health issues for the dog unless it is severe. However, dogs with severe undershot jaws may experience difficulty eating or grooming themselves properly. In such cases, veterinary intervention might be required to correct the bite, improve the dog's quality of life, and prevent potential dental problems in the future.
In conclusion, determining an undershot jaw in a dog involves a thorough examination of the facial profile and tooth alignment. By observing the position of the incisors and canines relative to each other, one can accurately identify this common dental condition in dogs.