How to know when a dog's heat cycle ends? - briefly
A dog's heat cycle typically lasts for 18-21 days, with the average being around 3 weeks. You can tell it has ended when any discharge from the vulva stops and the female dog is no longer allowing males to mount her.
How to know when a dog's heat cycle ends? - in detail
Determining the end of a dog's heat cycle involves observing several key signs and understanding the typical duration of each stage. The heat cycle, also known as estrus, consists of four stages: proestrus, estrus, diestrus, and anestrus. Here's how to know when it ends:
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Proestrus: This initial stage lasts about 9 days on average, but can vary from 5 to 14 days. During this time, the female dog will exhibit swollen vulva, a bloody or straw-colored discharge, and may show increased urination. She will also be receptive to male dogs but won't allow mating. This stage ends when the discharge becomes lighter in color and volume.
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Estrus: Known as the heat stage, estrus typically lasts 9 days but can range from 3 to 17 days. During this period, the female will be more receptive to male dogs and may allow mating. The vaginal discharge will become lighter in color and less noticeable. This stage ends when the female becomes unreceptive to male dogs.
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Diestrus: This stage follows estrus and lasts about 60 days, but can vary from 45 to 120 days. During diestrus, the female's body prepares for pregnancy or returns to normal if no pregnancy occurs. The vaginal discharge will cease, and any swelling in the vulva should decrease. If a pregnancy occurs, this stage continues until whelping (giving birth).
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Anestrus: This is the final stage of the heat cycle, lasting about 100 days but can range from 60 to 270 days. During anestrus, the female's reproductive system is at rest and not preparing for another heat cycle. The vagina will appear normal, with no discharge or swelling present.
To confirm when a dog's heat cycle has ended, you can use the following methods:
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Vaginal Cytology: A veterinarian can perform a vaginal smear to examine cellular changes under a microscope. This test is highly accurate in determining the stage of the heat cycle.
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Hormone Testing: Blood tests can measure hormone levels, such as progesterone, to monitor the heat cycle's progress and confirm when it has ended.
Monitoring these signs and consulting with a veterinarian will help you accurately determine when your dog's heat cycle ends.