How to put an IV catheter on a dog?

How to put an IV catheter on a dog? - briefly

To place an IV catheter in a dog, first locate a suitable vein, commonly the cephalic or saphenous veins. Using sterile technique, insert the needle into the vein and gently advance the catheter over the needle until it is fully seated.

How to put an IV catheter on a dog? - in detail

To successfully place an intravenous (IV) catheter in a dog, follow these detailed steps:

1. Preparation: Gather all necessary equipment, including gloves, clippers, alcohol swabs, IV catheters, extension tubing, and bandage material. Ensure the area is clean and well-lit. Restrain the dog if necessary to prevent movement during the procedure.

2. Site Selection: Choose a suitable vein for catheterization. Common sites include the cephalic vein (located on the front leg, running parallel to the humerus), the saphenous vein (on the back leg, running along the tibia), or the jugular vein (on the neck). The cephalic and saphenous veins are preferred for their ease of access and reduced risk of infection.

3. Clipping and Cleaning: Clip a small area around the selected vein to expose it clearly. Use alcohol swabs to thoroughly clean the area, removing any dirt or debris that could contaminate the catheter site. Allow the area to dry completely before proceeding.

4. Vein Palpation and Taping: Gently palpate the selected vein to ensure it is full and easily compressible. Tape a tourniquet above the vein to restrict blood flow, making the vein more prominent and easier to catheterize. Be cautious not to apply too much pressure, as this can cause discomfort or tissue damage.

5. Catheter Insertion: Open the IV catheter package and remove the catheter, ensuring it is sterile. Holding the catheter with your non-dominant hand, insert the needle bevel up into the vein at a 45-degree angle. Gently advance the catheter until you feel resistance or see blood return in the flash chamber.

6. Advancing the Catheter: Once the catheter is in the vein, continue to advance it slowly while applying gentle pressure on the plunger of a syringe attached to the catheter hub. This helps to push the catheter further into the vein until the hub is securely against the skin.

7. Securing the Catheter: Withdraw the needle, leaving the catheter in place. Secure the catheter with adhesive tape or a bandage to prevent it from moving or dislodging. Ensure the dressing is clean and dry to minimize the risk of infection.

8. Flushing and Verification: Attach an extension set to the catheter hub and flush it with saline solution to ensure proper function and patency. Observe for any signs of swelling, pain, or discomfort at the injection site, which could indicate infiltration or other complications.

9. Monitoring: Continuously monitor the IV site for any changes or signs of infection. Keep the area clean and dry, changing the bandage as needed. Ensure proper hydration and nutrition to support the dog's overall health during IV therapy.

By following these detailed steps, you can successfully place an IV catheter in a dog, ensuring proper fluid administration and supporting the animal's recovery or treatment process. Always prioritize the safety and comfort of the dog throughout the procedure.