How to tell if a dog is in labor? - briefly
To determine if a dog is in labor, look for signs such as restlessness, panting, and nesting behavior. The onset of labor is also indicated by the appearance of clear or slightly bloody discharge from the vagina.
How to tell if a dog is in labor? - in detail
To determine if a dog is in labor, it's essential to be familiar with several key signs and behaviors that indicate the onset of the birthing process. Observing these indicators can help ensure that both the mother and her puppies are well-cared for during this critical time.
One of the earliest and most reliable signs is a drop in the dog's body temperature, typically occurring 12 to 24 hours before labor begins. A normal rectal temperature for dogs is around 100°F to 102°F (37.8°C to 38.9°C). When the temperature falls below 100°F (37.8°C), it's a strong indication that labor may commence within the next 24 hours.
Another notable sign is a change in the dog's behavior and appearance. As labor approaches, dogs often become more restless and may start to nest, which involves gathering bedding materials and creating a comfortable space for themselves. They might also display increased affection towards their owners or other pets in the household. Additionally, you might observe a decrease in appetite as the due date draws nearer.
Physical changes are also evident during this period. The dog's mammary glands will begin to fill with milk and may appear swollen or engorged. This process, known as lactogenesis, prepares the body for nursing the newborn puppies. Furthermore, the vulva may become enlarged and reddened due to increased blood flow to the area.
As labor progresses, more specific signs will manifest. The dog may start panting heavily or shivering, which are normal responses to the physical exertion of labor. Contractions will also be visible; you might see the abdomen tightening and relaxing at regular intervals. These contractions will become stronger and more frequent as labor advances.
One of the most definitive signs that labor has begun is the presence of clear or slightly bloody discharge from the vulva, which indicates that the cervix is dilating. This discharge can be mistaken for urine, so it's important to distinguish between the two.
Throughout the birthing process, it's crucial to monitor the dog closely and ensure she has a quiet, comfortable space to give birth. If labor seems prolonged or the dog appears to be in distress, prompt veterinary intervention may be necessary to ensure the health and safety of both the mother and her puppies.