How to understand that dogs are mating? - briefly
To determine if dogs are mating, observe for signs such as the male mounting the female and the "tie" phase, where they remain locked together for several minutes. Additionally, the female may exhibit submissive behaviors like rolling onto her back during this period.
How to understand that dogs are mating? - in detail
Understanding if dogs are mating involves observing specific behaviors and physical changes in both male and female dogs. Here's a detailed breakdown of what to look for:
Female Dog Behavior:
- Proestrus Phase (Day 1-9): The female dog starts her heat cycle with the proestrus phase, lasting about 9 days. During this time, she may experience vaginal bleeding and swelling of the vulva. She might also exhibit behavioral changes such as increased urination to mark her territory, restlessness, and decreased appetite.
- Estrus Phase (Day 10-14): This is when the female dog is most receptive to mating. You'll notice that she allows the male dog to mount her without resistance. She may also lift her tail to one side or stand with her hindquarters raised, indicating readiness for mating.
- Diestrus Phase (Day 15-70): After mating, the female enters the diestrus phase, which lasts around 60 days. During this time, she may exhibit signs of pregnancy such as increased appetite and weight gain. However, these signs are not definitive proof of pregnancy.
Male Dog Behavior:
- Mounting: The most obvious sign is when the male dog mounts the female dog. This behavior can also occur between dogs that are not mating, so it's essential to look for other signs as well.
- Knotting: After successful penetration, the male dog's penis swells inside the female's vagina, creating a "knot." The dogs may remain locked together for up to 30 minutes, which is known as the "tie" or "lock." This is a clear indication that mating has occurred.
- Increased Urination: Like female dogs, male dogs may also increase their urination frequency to mark territory during the breeding season.
Physical Changes in Male Dogs:
- Penis Enlargement: During the breeding season, the male dog's penis may enlarge and change color from pink or red to purple or blue-gray. This is a normal response to increased testosterone levels.
- Prepuce (Sheath) Swelling: The prepuce, which covers and protects the penis, may also swell during this time.
Other Considerations:
- Age: Most dogs reach sexual maturity between 6 months to 2 years of age, depending on their breed and size.
- Seasonality: In some breeds, heat cycles can be seasonal, occurring more frequently during the spring and fall months.