To what species does the dog belong? - briefly
The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) belongs to the species of the gray wolf (Canis lupus), which is part of the Canidae family.
To what species does the dog belong? - in detail
The dog, scientifically known as Canis lupus familiaris, belongs to the species of the gray wolf (Canis lupus). This classification is based on extensive genetic and morphological studies that have revealed dogs to be a subspecies of the gray wolf, domesticated thousands of years ago. The process of domestication led to the development of distinct breeds with varying characteristics, but at their core, all dogs share a common ancestry with wolves. This close evolutionary relationship is evident in many aspects of canine behavior and biology, from their social structure to their dietary preferences. Despite their divergence from wild wolves, domestic dogs retain numerous genetic similarities, underscoring their place within the same species.