What are a dog's limbs? - briefly
A dog's limbs are comprised of four legs, each consisting of an upper leg (thigh) and lower leg (shank), along with paws that bear the weight of the body. The forelimbs, or front legs, support the majority of a dog's weight, while the hindlimbs, or back legs, provide the power for movement.
What are a dog's limbs? - in detail
A dog's limbs, also known as legs or extremities, are the primary means by which dogs move and navigate their environment. Dogs have four limbs: two forelimbs (front legs) and two hindlimbs (back legs), each of which consists of several key components.
The forelimb begins with the shoulder, a complex joint that includes the scapula (shoulder blade) and the humerus (upper arm bone). The elbow joint is formed by the humerus and the radius and ulna bones in the lower part of the limb. Below the elbow, the forelimb consists of the carpus (wrist), metacarpals (similar to human fingers), and digits or paws, which have retractable claws. The forelimbs are crucial for a dog's ability to run, climb, and perform various tasks such as digging.
The hindlimb starts with the hip joint, which includes the pelvis and femur (thigh bone). The stifle joint, equivalent to the human knee, is formed by the femur and tibia (shinbone) and fibula. Below the stifle, there is the hock or ankle joint, followed by the metatarsals (similar to human toes) and digits or paws, also equipped with retractable claws. The hindlimbs provide the power for running, jumping, and other dynamic movements.
Both forelimbs and hindlimbs are connected to the dog's body by a network of muscles, tendons, and ligaments that facilitate movement and maintain stability. The limbs also play a significant role in a dog's overall health and well-being, as they support the body weight and enable various activities essential for a dog's life. Proper care and maintenance of these limbs are crucial to ensure a dog's mobility and quality of life throughout its lifespan.