What are the symptoms that a dog is giving birth? - briefly
A dog about to give birth may exhibit several symptoms including restlessness, loss of appetite, and nesting behavior, where she attempts to create a comfortable space for delivery. Additionally, her body temperature may drop slightly as labor approaches.
What are the symptoms that a dog is giving birth? - in detail
The process of a dog giving birth, known as whelping, typically occurs in three stages, each with distinct symptoms and behaviors that pet owners should be aware of.
In the first stage, which can last from 6 to 12 hours, the dog will show signs of restlessness and may start nesting behavior. This involves her searching for a comfortable spot to give birth, often digging or moving blankets around. She might also exhibit some appetite loss as her body prepares for labor. Additionally, you may notice a slight discharge from her vagina, which is typically clear or slightly tinted with blood.
As the first stage progresses, the dog's temperature will drop, usually to about 99°F (37.2°C). This decrease in body temperature signals that the uterine muscles are preparing for contractions. During this phase, it is crucial to monitor the dog closely but avoid disturbing her unless absolutely necessary.
In the second stage of labor, which can last from 3 to 12 hours, the dog will begin to push out the puppies. Contractions become more frequent and intense, occurring about every 15-30 minutes. During this time, you may observe the following symptoms:
- Panting and heavy breathing, as the dog works hard to expel the puppies.
- Straining and pushing efforts, which can be quite vigorous.
- The appearance of the water sac (allantoic membrane) from the vulva, indicating that a puppy is on its way.
- Contractions that become stronger and more frequent as labor progresses.
Once a puppy is delivered, the mother will typically lick it to stimulate breathing and remove the amniotic sac. If she does not do this immediately, the owner may need to gently wipe the puppy's mouth and nose with a clean cloth to encourage breathing.
The final stage of labor involves the delivery of the placenta, which should follow each puppy within 10-20 minutes. This is crucial for monitoring, as any delay in placenta delivery can indicate complications that require immediate veterinary attention.
Throughout the entire birthing process, it is essential to ensure the mother has access to fresh water and a quiet, comfortable environment. Additionally, owners should familiarize themselves with emergency signs such as excessive bleeding, prolonged labor without puppy delivery, or signs of distress in the mother or newborns. If any of these symptoms occur, immediate veterinary intervention is necessary to ensure the health and safety of both the mother and her puppies.