What diseases can you get from dogs? - briefly
Dogs can transmit several diseases to humans, primarily through bites or contact with their feces. The most common are rabies, which is fatal if not treated promptly, and leptospirosis, an infection that can cause liver and kidney damage.
What diseases can you get from dogs? - in detail
Dogs are beloved pets, but they can also be carriers of various diseases that can be transmitted to humans. These zoonotic diseases, while not always common, can pose significant health risks. Here is a detailed look at some of the key diseases that can be transmitted from dogs to humans:
Rabies: Rabies is a viral disease that affects the nervous system of mammals, including dogs and humans. It is typically transmitted through a bite or scratch from an infected animal. Once symptoms appear, rabies is almost always fatal. Vaccination of pets is essential for prevention.
Leptospirosis: Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that can be contracted from contact with the urine of infected animals, including dogs. Symptoms range from mild flu-like illness to severe liver and kidney damage. The bacteria are often found in water and soil contaminated by animal urine.
Campylobacteriosis: Campylobacter is a common bacterial infection that can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. Dogs, especially puppies, can carry the bacteria without showing symptoms. Transmission occurs through contact with infected dog feces or contaminated surfaces.
Salmonellosis: Salmonella bacteria are commonly found in the intestines of dogs and other animals. Humans can contract salmonellosis by handling infected dog feces or contaminated food. Symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever.
Brucellosis: Brucellosis is a bacterial infection that can cause fever, sweats, and fatigue in humans. It is transmitted through contact with infected animal tissue or fluids. Dogs are not the primary reservoir for human brucellosis, but cases have been reported.
Toxocariasis: Toxocariasis is a parasitic infection caused by roundworms (Toxocara canis) that commonly infect dogs. Humans, especially children, can become infected through contact with contaminated soil or sand where dogs have defecated. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, coughing, and in severe cases, vision problems.
Capnocytophaga Bacteria: Capnocytophaga bacteria are commonly found in the mouths of dogs and can cause a range of illnesses in humans, from skin infections to more serious conditions like sepsis or meningitis. Transmission usually occurs through bites or licks from infected dogs.
Ringworm: Ringworm is a fungal infection that affects the skin, hair, and nails of both animals and humans. It is highly contagious and can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected dog or contaminated surfaces.
While these diseases are concerning, it's important to note that responsible pet ownership significantly reduces the risk of transmission. Regular veterinary check-ups, proper hygiene practices, and prompt treatment of any injuries sustained from pets are essential precautions. Additionally, vaccinations and regular deworming programs can further mitigate the risks associated with these zoonotic diseases.