What drug causes cardiac arrest in dogs? - briefly
Certainly. The drug that commonly causes cardiac arrest in dogs is Ivermectin, particularly when ingested in high doses or by susceptible breeds like Collies and Australian Shepherds due to their genetic sensitivity to this medication.
What drug causes cardiac arrest in dogs? - in detail
Cardiac arrest in dogs can be caused by several drugs, but some are particularly notorious for their cardiotoxic effects. One of the most common and dangerous drugs that can induce cardiac arrest in dogs is Ivermectin.
Ivermectin is an antiparasitic medication commonly used to treat various parasites, including heartworms and mites. While it is safe for many animals at appropriate doses, it is highly toxic to certain breeds of dogs, particularly those with the MDR1 gene mutation. These breeds include Collies, Australian Shepherds, Shetland Sheepdogs, Old English Sheepdogs, and Long-Haired Whippets. The MDR1 gene regulates a protein that acts as a barrier in the brain, preventing harmful substances from entering. Dogs with this mutation are more susceptible to ivermectin toxicity because the drug can cross into the brain more easily, leading to neurological symptoms and potentially cardiac arrest.
Onion and garlic products also pose a significant risk to dogs. These contain thiosulfates which can cause damage to red blood cells, leading to anemia. Severe anemia can stress the heart, increasing the likelihood of cardiac arrest. Additionally, chocolate contains theobromine and caffeine, which are toxic to dogs. These substances can lead to increased heart rate, arrhythmias, and in severe cases, cardiac arrest.
Other drugs that can contribute to cardiac arrest include certain antidepressants, particularly tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline and imipramine. These medications can cause tachycardia (rapid heart rate) and arrhythmias in dogs, which can progress to cardiac arrest if not managed promptly.
Chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin are also known for their cardiotoxic effects. Doxorubicin can cause irreversible damage to the heart muscle, leading to congestive heart failure and potentially cardiac arrest over time.
In conclusion, while ivermectin is one of the most notorious drugs causing cardiac arrest in dogs, especially in breeds with the MDR1 gene mutation, other common substances like onions, garlic, chocolate, certain antidepressants, and chemotherapy drugs can also pose significant risks. It is crucial for dog owners to be aware of these potential hazards and consult veterinarians before administering any medication or allowing their dogs to ingest potentially harmful substances.