What if the placenta doesn't come out after the birth? - briefly
If the placenta does not detach and deliver spontaneously within 30 minutes of childbirth, it is considered a retained placenta. This condition requires immediate medical intervention to prevent potential complications such as postpartum hemorrhage or infection.
What if the placenta doesn't come out after the birth? - in detail
If the placenta does not detach and pass naturally following childbirth, it is considered a retained placenta. This condition requires immediate medical attention as it can lead to severe complications for both the mother and the newborn.
The placenta plays a critical role during pregnancy by providing oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus. After delivery, the placenta typically separates from the uterine wall within 30 minutes to an hour and passes naturally. However, if it remains attached, it can cause significant health issues.
Several factors may contribute to a retained placenta, including:
- Uterine atony: Weak contractions of the uterus that prevent it from expelling the placenta.
- Umbilical cord traction: Inadequate or excessive force applied during delivery can cause the cord to tear prematurely, leaving parts of the placenta attached.
- Placental abnormalities: Conditions such as placenta previa or accreta, where the placenta is abnormally positioned or adheres too tightly to the uterine wall.
If a retained placenta is suspected, healthcare providers will take swift action to manage and resolve the issue. Common interventions include:
- Manual removal: A doctor may manually remove the placenta by applying gentle pressure on the abdomen while simultaneously guiding it out through the cervix.
- Medications: Oxytocin or other uterotonic drugs can be administered to stimulate stronger contractions and facilitate the expulsion of the placenta.
- Surgical intervention: In rare cases, if manual removal and medication are ineffective, a surgical procedure called dilation and curettage (D&C) may be performed under anesthesia to remove any remaining placental tissue.
Complications arising from a retained placenta can be severe and include:
- Postpartum hemorrhage: Excessive bleeding that can lead to shock and even death if not promptly treated.
- Infection: Retained placental fragments can cause infection in the uterus, leading to conditions like endometritis or septicemia.
- Future fertility issues: Untreated retained placenta tissue can result in scarring within the uterus, potentially affecting future pregnancies.
Mothers should be aware of the signs and symptoms associated with a retained placenta, such as heavy vaginal bleeding, severe abdominal pain, fever, and chills. If any of these occur after childbirth, immediate medical attention is essential to prevent serious health consequences.