What is a dog called scientifically? - briefly
A dog is scientifically known as Canis lupus familiaris. This classification reflects its close evolutionary relationship with wolves (Canis lupus) and its status as a domesticated subspecies of the wolf family.
What is a dog called scientifically? - in detail
The scientific name for a dog, specifically the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris), is derived from its classification within the taxonomic hierarchy. Dogs belong to the genus Canis, which includes various species of wolves and wild dogs. The term "lupus" in their scientific name refers to their close evolutionary relationship with wolves, particularly the grey wolf (Canis lupus). This connection is evident not only in their genetic makeup but also in their behavioral traits and physical characteristics.
The domestic dog was first domesticated from wolves around 15,000 years ago, a process that involved selective breeding for desirable traits such as tameness, loyalty, and adaptability to human environments. Over time, this led to the development of numerous breeds with diverse appearances, sizes, and temperaments. Despite these variations, all domestic dogs share a common ancestor and are considered subspecies of the grey wolf under the binomial nomenclature system established by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century.
The scientific classification of dogs is as follows:
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Order: Carnivora
- Family: Canidae
- Genus: Canis
- Species: Canis lupus
- Subspecies: Canis lupus familiaris
This taxonomic classification highlights the dog's place in the broader ecosystem and its evolutionary history. Understanding this scientific nomenclature provides valuable insights into the biological characteristics and behaviors that make dogs unique among animals, as well as their significant role in human society as companions, working partners, and symbols of loyalty and affection.