What is CEA in dogs? - briefly
CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) in dogs is a protein that can be elevated in certain types of cancer, particularly gastrointestinal tumors and anal sac adenocarcinoma. It's often used as a biomarker to monitor the progression and response to treatment of these diseases.
What is CEA in dogs? - in detail
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in dogs, also known as canine tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (CTATI), is a glycoprotein that has garnered significant interest due to its potential role in cancer detection and monitoring. CEA was first identified in human colorectal cancer cells but has since been found in various species, including dogs.
In dogs, elevated levels of CEA are often associated with certain types of tumors, particularly those originating from epithelial cells. These include malignancies such as anal sac adenocarcinoma, mammary gland carcinomas, and some forms of lung cancer. The antigen is produced by these tumor cells and can be detected in the bloodstream, making it a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and tracking the progression or response to treatment.
The detection of CEA in dogs typically involves a simple blood test. This non-invasive method allows veterinarians to monitor the antigen levels over time, providing valuable insights into the tumor's behavior. However, it is crucial to note that while elevated CEA levels can indicate the presence of cancerous cells, they are not specific to any particular type of cancer. Therefore, a positive result must be interpreted in conjunction with other diagnostic tools and clinical observations.
Research into the use of CEA as a biomarker in dogs is ongoing, with studies aiming to refine its sensitivity and specificity. By understanding the nuances of CEA production and detection, veterinarians can better tailor treatment plans and improve outcomes for their canine patients.