What is Cushing's disease in dogs? - briefly
Cushing's disease in dogs is a hormonal disorder caused by an overproduction of cortisol, typically due to a tumor on the pituitary gland or adrenal glands. Symptoms may include increased thirst and urination, lethargy, and a pot-bellied appearance.
What is Cushing's disease in dogs? - in detail
Cushing's disease, also known as hyperadrenocorticism, is a common endocrine disorder in dogs that results from an excess of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. This condition can be caused by a tumor on the pituitary gland in the brain (pituitary-dependent Cushing's disease), which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce excessive amounts of cortisol. Alternatively, it can be due to a tumor on one or both adrenal glands themselves (adrenal-dependent Cushing's disease).
The most common symptoms of Cushing's disease in dogs include increased thirst and urination, increased appetite, a pot-bellied appearance, thinning hair coat, and lethargy. These symptoms develop gradually over time as the body is exposed to elevated levels of cortisol. Diagnosing Cushing's disease typically involves a series of tests, including blood tests to measure cortisol levels and specialized tests such as the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test or the ACTH stimulation test.
Treatment options for Cushing's disease in dogs depend on the underlying cause and may include medication, surgery, or radiation therapy. Medications like trilostane or mitotane are often used to control cortisol production by the adrenal glands. In cases where the condition is caused by a tumor on the pituitary gland, medications may be necessary long-term to manage symptoms. Surgery or radiation therapy might be considered for adrenal tumors, but these approaches come with their own set of risks and considerations.
Early detection and proper management of Cushing's disease are crucial for maintaining the dog's quality of life and preventing potential complications such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and an increased susceptibility to infections. Regular veterinary check-ups and monitoring of symptoms can help ensure that the condition is effectively managed over time.