What medications should not be given to dogs? - briefly
Dogs should never be given ibuprofen or acetaminophen as these are toxic to them and can cause serious health issues including kidney damage and liver failure. Additionally, xylitol, often found in sugar-free gum and candy, is highly dangerous to dogs and can lead to a rapid drop in blood sugar levels and even liver failure.
What medications should not be given to dogs? - in detail
Certainly, understanding which medications are unsafe for dogs is crucial for their well-being and health. While some human medications can be administered to dogs under veterinary guidance, others can be highly toxic and even life-threatening. Here are some categories of medications that should never be given to dogs without explicit veterinary approval:
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Medications such as ibuprofen and naproxen, commonly used by humans for pain relief, can cause severe stomach ulcers, kidney failure, and even death in dogs. Dogs metabolize these substances differently, making them particularly vulnerable to their side effects.
Acetaminophen: Also known as paracetamol, this over-the-counter medication is often used for fever and pain reduction in humans. However, it can be fatal to dogs due to its toxicity to the liver and red blood cells. Even small amounts can cause significant harm.
Antidepressants: Certain antidepressant medications, such as those belonging to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class, can have serious side effects in dogs. These include changes in behavior, seizures, and even death if not managed properly by a veterinarian.
ADHD medications: Stimulants like Adderall or Ritalin are commonly prescribed for humans with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, these drugs can be highly toxic to dogs, causing seizures, tremors, and even cardiac issues if ingested.
Bone health medications: Human bone health supplements that contain bisphosphonates, such as Fosamax or Actonel, are designed to increase bone density in humans. However, these drugs can be extremely harmful to dogs, leading to severe gastrointestinal issues and even bone decay.
Certain antibiotics: While some antibiotics are safe for both humans and dogs, others are not. For example, penicillin-based antibiotics can cause significant stomach upset in dogs, while other types might have different dosing requirements or side effects that make them unsafe without veterinary supervision.
Human decongestants: Medications containing pseudoephedrine or phenylpropanolamine can be dangerous for dogs, causing increased heart rate, seizures, and potentially even death if ingested in large amounts.
It is essential to consult with a veterinarian before administering any human medication to a dog. Even medications that might seem safe based on their intended use can have unintended consequences due to differences in how dogs metabolize substances compared to humans. Always keep all medications, both prescription and over-the-counter, out of reach from pets to prevent accidental ingestion. In case of suspected poisoning, contact a veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center immediately for guidance.