What shots should be given to dogs? - briefly
The core vaccines for dogs include those against rabies, distemper, parvovirus, and adenovirus type-2 (hepatitis). Additionally, depending on the dog's lifestyle and region, vaccinations against Bordetella bronchiseptica (kennel cough) and Leptospira bacteria may be recommended.
What shots should be given to dogs? - in detail
Vaccinations are essential for maintaining your dog's health and preventing the spread of diseases. The core vaccines that should be given to dogs include:
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Distemper, Adenovirus (Hepatitis), and Parvovirus (DAPP): Often administered as a combination vaccine, these protect against three highly contagious and potentially fatal viruses. Distemper affects the respiratory and nervous systems, while Adenovirus causes liver damage, and Parvovirus attacks the intestines.
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Rabies: This is a crucial vaccine required by law in many areas due to its zoonotic potential, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. Rabies is almost always fatal once symptoms appear, so prevention through vaccination is vital.
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Bordetella (Kennel Cough): If your dog frequents grooming salons, dog parks, or boarding facilities, this vaccine is highly recommended. Bordetella is a bacterial infection that causes a persistent cough and can be easily spread in communal settings.
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Leptospirosis: This vaccine protects against a bacterial disease often found in standing water or soil. Leptospirosis can cause liver and kidney failure, making it a significant threat to dogs that spend time outdoors.
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Canine Influenza (Dog Flu): While not as severe as some other diseases, Canine Influenza can cause respiratory illness in dogs, especially those in contact with other dogs frequently. This vaccine is particularly important for dogs in group settings like dog shows or shelters.
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Lyme Disease: If you live in an area where ticks are prevalent, this vaccine can be beneficial. Lyme disease is transmitted by tick bites and can cause joint pain and kidney problems in dogs.
The vaccination schedule should be discussed with your veterinarian, as it varies based on the dog's age, health status, and lifestyle. Puppies typically require a series of vaccinations starting at 6-8 weeks old, followed by boosters every 1-3 years for adult dogs. Regular check-ups ensure that your dog remains protected against these serious diseases.