What to do if a dog scratches a person? - briefly
If a dog scratches a person, immediately wash the affected area with soap and warm water for at least 15-30 seconds to remove any bacteria. Next, apply an antiseptic cream or ointment and cover the scratch with a bandage to prevent infection.
What to do if a dog scratches a person? - in detail
If a dog scratches a person, it is essential to take prompt and appropriate action to minimize potential risks and promote healing. Here are the steps you should follow:
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Assess the Wound: Inspect the affected area closely. Determine whether the scratch is superficial or deep. Superficial scratches may cause minor bleeding, while deeper ones could result in more significant injuries that might require medical attention.
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Control Bleeding: If there is bleeding, apply gentle pressure using a clean cloth or gauze to stop it. Elevate the injured area if possible to help reduce blood flow. Do not use a tourniquet unless absolutely necessary and you are trained in its proper application.
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Clean the Wound: Clean the affected area thoroughly with soap and warm water. Rinse gently but thoroughly to remove any dirt, debris, or bacteria that could cause infection. Avoid using hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, as they can irritate the wound and slow healing.
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Apply Antiseptic: Use an over-the-counter antiseptic ointment like Neosporin or Polysporin to prevent infection. Apply a thin layer directly onto the scratch, and cover it with a sterile bandage or gauze. Change the dressing regularly to keep the area clean and dry.
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Monitor for Infection: Keep an eye on the wound for any signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, warmth, or pus. If you notice these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately, as it could indicate a bacterial infection that requires treatment with antibiotics.
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Tetanus Shot: Ensure that the person's tetanus vaccination is up-to-date. If they are unsure about their vaccination status or if it has been more than five years since their last booster, recommend a visit to the doctor for a tetanus shot.
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Seek Professional Help: For deep scratches, those that bleed heavily, or involve sensitive areas like the face or joints, professional medical help should be sought promptly. A healthcare provider can assess the wound and provide appropriate treatment, including sutures if necessary.
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Rabies Concerns: If the dog is a stray or its vaccination status is unknown, consider the possibility of rabies exposure. Contact local animal control services for advice on managing this risk. They may recommend monitoring the dog or even euthanizing it to test for rabies if necessary.
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Educate and Comfort: Provide reassurance to the person who was scratched, especially if they are a child. Explain that dog scratches are common and usually not serious, but emphasize the importance of hygiene and wound care.
By following these steps, you can effectively manage a situation where a dog has scratched a person, ensuring proper care and minimizing potential complications.