What to do if a dog starts giving birth? - briefly
If a dog begins the birthing process, ensure she is in a quiet, comfortable, and warm environment. Monitor her closely, and if complications arise or if she seems distressed, contact a veterinarian immediately.
What to do if a dog starts giving birth? - in detail
Whelping, the process of a dog giving birth, is a natural and usually straightforward event. However, it is essential for dog owners to be prepared and knowledgeable about the process to ensure the safety and health of the mother and her puppies. Understanding the signs of labor, preparing a whelping area, and knowing when to seek veterinary assistance are crucial steps.
The first signs of impending labor in dogs typically include restlessness, nesting behavior, a drop in body temperature, and loss of appetite. The body temperature of the dog usually drops to around 99-100°F (37.2-37.8°C) about 12-24 hours before labor begins. Monitoring the dog's temperature can help predict the onset of labor. Once labor begins, the dog will start having contractions and may pant, pace, or whine. The first puppy is usually born within 2-4 hours after the start of labor, but this can vary.
Preparing a whelping area is vital. This area should be clean, warm, and quiet, away from drafts and disturbances. A large cardboard box or a dedicated whelping box can be used. Line the box with clean towels or blankets, and provide a heat source such as a heating pad or a heat lamp to keep the puppies warm. The area should be easily accessible for the mother to enter and exit but secure enough to keep the puppies safe.
During labor, the mother dog will typically give birth to one puppy at a time, with a resting period between each puppy. The normal birthing process involves the puppy emerging in its amniotic sac, which the mother will usually break and lick clean. The placenta, which provides nutrients to the puppy during gestation, will also be expelled shortly after each puppy is born. The mother will usually eat the placentas, which is normal behavior. Count the number of placentas to ensure that each one is expelled, as retained placentas can lead to infections.
Monitor the progress of labor closely. Each puppy should be born within 1-2 hours of the start of contractions. If labor stalls, or if more than 2 hours pass without the birth of a puppy, veterinary intervention may be necessary. Signs of distress in the mother, such as excessive panting, vomiting, or severe straining without progress, also warrant immediate veterinary attention.
After all the puppies are born, it is important to ensure that each one is breathing and nursing. Newborn puppies should be alert and active, with a pinkish color to their gums and tongue. If a puppy is not breathing, gently rub it with a towel to stimulate breathing. If necessary, perform puppy CPR, which involves gentle chest compressions and mouth-to-nose resuscitation.
Regularly check the mother and her puppies for any signs of health issues. The mother should have a good appetite and produce milk for her puppies. The puppies should gain weight steadily and show signs of normal development. Any concerns about the health of the mother or her puppies should be addressed promptly by a veterinarian.
In summary, being prepared for a dog's labor involves recognizing the signs of impending labor, setting up a suitable whelping area, and knowing when to seek veterinary help. Regular monitoring of the mother and her puppies is essential to ensure a successful and healthy whelping process. By being informed and proactive, dog owners can support their pets through this critical time and contribute to the well-being of both the mother and her puppies.