What to do if an unvaccinated dog bites someone? - briefly
If an unvaccinated dog bites someone, it is crucial to immediately wash the wound with soap and warm water for at least five minutes. Additionally, promptly seek medical attention to assess the risk of rabies and administer necessary treatments.
What to do if an unvaccinated dog bites someone? - in detail
If an unvaccinated dog bites someone, immediate and meticulous action is crucial. Firstly, remain calm and ensure the safety of all parties involved. Separate the dog from the victim, if possible, to prevent further bites or aggression. Clean the wound thoroughly with soap and warm water for at least 15 minutes to remove any bacteria. Avoid using alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, or iodine, as they can be harmful to tissue and delay healing.
Next, apply pressure to the wound using a clean cloth or sterile gauze to control bleeding. If the bite is on an extremity, elevate it to reduce swelling. Do not attempt to remove any embedded teeth or debris, as this could cause further damage. Cover the wound with a sterile dressing or clean cloth and keep it elevated if possible.
Promptly seek medical attention, even if the bite appears minor. Unvaccinated dogs can carry rabies, tetanus, or other infectious diseases that may not show symptoms immediately. Inform healthcare professionals about the dog's vaccination status, as this will impact their treatment plan. They may prescribe antibiotics to prevent infection and recommend a tetanus shot if the victim's immunization is not up-to-date.
If rabies is a concern—based on the dog's behavior or local regulations—the animal control agency should be notified immediately. They can quarantine the dog for observation and testing. If the dog cannot be found, captured, or tested, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) may be necessary to prevent rabies in the victim. PEP involves a series of vaccinations administered over several days.
Lastly, report the incident to local animal control or public health officials. Provide them with details about the dog, including its description and location if known. This helps authorities monitor and manage potential risks to the community. By following these steps, you can minimize the risk of infection and ensure the well-being of both the victim and the community.