What to do with dogs in Islam? - briefly
In Islamic tradition, dogs are considered ritually impure (najas) due to their habit of licking themselves clean. Therefore, Muslims are advised not to keep dogs as pets unless they serve specific purposes like hunting or guarding livestock.
What to do with dogs in Islam? - in detail
In Islam, the treatment and interaction with dogs are governed by specific guidelines derived from religious texts and scholarly interpretations. While dogs are considered impure according to Islamic law, this does not imply that Muslims should mistreat or abandon them. Instead, there are clear instructions on how to handle and interact with these animals responsibly.
Firstly, it is important to understand the Islamic perspective on dogs' purity status. Dogs are classified as najis (impure) due to their saliva, which is considered unclean. This classification means that certain precautions must be taken when handling or being in close proximity to dogs. For instance, if a dog licks an item of clothing or a vessel, it should be washed seven times, with the seventh wash using clean water and soil (tayammum). However, this does not extend to all contact; merely touching a dog's fur does not require any specific purification rituals.
Secondly, Muslims are advised to keep dogs indoors only under necessary circumstances. If a dog is kept inside the house, it should not be allowed on carpets or furniture where people pray or eat. Additionally, it is recommended to use separate utensils and dishes for the dog to avoid contamination. These precautions help maintain the cleanliness of the living space in accordance with Islamic hygiene practices.
Thirdly, dogs are not considered inherently evil or harmful; rather, their impurity status is a practical consideration rooted in health and hygiene. In fact, Islam encourages kindness and compassion towards all animals, including dogs. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) advised that "a prostitute saw a dog moving around a well on a hot day and hanging its tongue from thirst. She took off her shoe, filled it with water, and gave the dog to drink." This hadith illustrates that even acts of kindness towards dogs are rewarded in Islam.
Fourthly, the use of dogs for specific purposes is permissible within Islamic law. For example, dogs used for hunting, guarding livestock, or assisting with agricultural tasks are exempt from the impurity status. This exemption recognizes the practical benefits and necessity of dogs in certain contexts. However, even when used for these purposes, it is essential to follow the guidelines mentioned earlier regarding cleanliness and hygiene.
In conclusion, while dogs hold a specific status in Islamic law, this does not mean they should be mistreated or neglected. Muslims are encouraged to handle dogs responsibly, ensuring both human and animal welfare are maintained. By adhering to these guidelines, Muslims can coexist peacefully with dogs while upholding the principles of their faith.