What vaccine is given to a dog? - briefly
The most commonly administered vaccines for dogs include the Distemper-Parvovirus (DHP or DHPP) vaccine, which protects against distemper, adenovirus, parvovirus, and parainfluenza. Additionally, the Rabies vaccine is essential and often required by law.
What vaccine is given to a dog? - in detail
Vaccines are essential in maintaining the health and well-being of dogs, as they protect against various infectious diseases. The specific vaccines administered depend on factors such as the dog's age, breed, lifestyle, and regional disease prevalence. Here is a detailed overview of common vaccines given to dogs:
Core Vaccines: These are considered vital for all dogs due to the severity of the diseases they prevent and the risk of exposure. Core vaccines include:
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Distemper: This viral disease affects the respiratory and nervous systems, often leading to death. The vaccine provides long-term immunity, typically lasting three years or more.
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Adenovirus (Hepatitis): Also known as infectious canine hepatitis, this virus attacks the liver and other organs. The vaccine offers protection for at least one year.
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Parvovirus: This highly contagious viral disease targets the gastrointestinal system, causing severe vomiting and diarrhea, often leading to death in puppies. Vaccination provides long-term immunity, usually lasting three years or more.
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Rabies: A fatal viral disease that affects the central nervous system and is zoonotic, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. Rabies vaccines are mandatory in many regions, and booster shots are required regularly, depending on local regulations.
Non-Core Vaccines: These vaccines are optional and depend on the dog's risk of exposure, which is determined by factors such as lifestyle and geographic location. Non-core vaccines include:
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Bordetella (Kennel Cough): This bacterial infection causes a persistent cough and is highly contagious among dogs in close quarters like kennels or dog parks. The vaccine is recommended for dogs that frequent such environments.
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Leptospirosis: This bacterial disease affects the kidneys and liver, and it can be transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil. Vaccination is recommended for dogs at risk of exposure, such as those in areas with a high prevalence of the disease.
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Lyme Disease: Caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted through tick bites, this disease can lead to lameness, swollen joints, and fever. Vaccination is advised for dogs in regions with a high incidence of Lyme disease.
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Canine Influenza (Dog Flu): This viral respiratory infection can cause coughing, fever, and lethargy. The vaccine is recommended for dogs that frequently interact with other dogs or participate in group activities like dog shows or boarding facilities.
Vaccination Schedule: Puppies typically receive their first vaccines between 6 to 8 weeks of age, followed by a series of boosters at 3-4 week intervals until they are about 16 weeks old. Adult dogs require booster shots annually or as recommended by the veterinarian, depending on the specific vaccine and local regulations.
It is crucial for dog owners to consult with a veterinarian to determine the most appropriate vaccination schedule tailored to their dog's individual needs and regional disease prevalence. Proper vaccination not only protects the health of the dog but also contributes to the overall control of infectious diseases in the canine population.