Who is called a dog? - briefly
The term "dog" refers to any member of the Canis genus, particularly Canis familiaris, which includes various breeds domesticated by humans for companionship and specific tasks such as hunting or herding. This includes both purebred dogs recognized by kennel clubs and mixed-breed dogs resulting from crossbreeding.
Who is called a dog? - in detail
The term "dog" refers to any member of the Canidae family, which includes domesticated dogs as well as their wild relatives such as wolves, foxes, jackals, and coyotes. This classification is based on evolutionary history and genetic similarities rather than physical appearance or behavior. Domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are the most common and well-known species within this family, with over 340 recognized breeds worldwide. These breeds vary significantly in size, shape, color, temperament, and specialized skills, ranging from small toy breeds like Chihuahuas to large working breeds such as Great Danes. Despite their diverse appearances and roles, all dogs share a common ancestor with wolves, highlighting the deep evolutionary connections within the Canidae family.