Why do a dog's mammary glands swell up? - briefly
A dog's mammary glands may swell due to hormonal changes or infections. This can occur during heat cycles, pregnancy, or as a result of conditions like mastitis or mammary tumors.
Why do a dog's mammary glands swell up? - in detail
A dog's mammary glands can swell up for several reasons, primarily related to hormonal changes and health conditions.
One of the most common causes is pseudo-pregnancy or false pregnancy. After a heat cycle, even if no fertilization occurs, a dog's body may continue to produce progesterone and prolactin, which are necessary for milk production during pregnancy. These hormonal changes can cause the mammary glands to swell up as if preparing for lactation.
Another significant reason is the presence of mastitis, an infection of the mammary gland tissue. Mastitis can occur in dogs that have recently given birth or are currently nursing puppies. It is often caused by bacteria entering through cracks or sores on the teats. The swelling and inflammation are the body's response to fighting off the infection.
Additionally, tumors or cysts within the mammary glands can lead to swelling. Mammary tumors in dogs are quite common, particularly in older females that have not been spayed. These growths can range from benign to malignant and may require veterinary intervention for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Hormonal imbalances or irregularities can also contribute to swollen mammary glands. For example, an excess of progesterone, which regulates the estrous cycle, can stimulate the growth of mammary tissue. Conditions such as ovarian cysts or hormone-secreting tumors can disrupt normal hormonal functioning and lead to this issue.
Regular veterinary check-ups are essential for monitoring your dog's health and detecting any abnormalities in the mammary glands early. If you notice swelling, it is crucial to consult a vet promptly to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate care.