Why does a dog lick puppies? - briefly
A dog licks its puppies for several reasons, primarily to stimulate their breathing and keep them clean. This behavior also helps to strengthen the bond between the mother and her offspring.
Why does a dog lick puppies? - in detail
A dog's instinctual behavior of licking its puppies serves multiple purposes, all of which are essential for their well-being and survival.
Firstly, licking is a means of stimulation that helps newborn puppies breathe and begin to circulate blood effectively. This action mimics the gentle pressure exerted by a midwife or veterinarian during birth, encouraging the puppy's lungs to expand and contract. Additionally, it aids in the removal of amniotic sac remnants, ensuring that the puppy can breathe freely without obstruction.
Secondly, licking plays a crucial role in maintaining the cleanliness and health of the puppies. The mother dog's saliva contains enzymes and antibodies that help to disinfect the puppies' fur and skin, protecting them from potential infections. This natural cleaning process is particularly important for newborns who have not yet developed a strong immune system.
Furthermore, licking serves as a bonding mechanism between the mother dog and her puppies. The act of licking releases oxytocin, often referred to as the "love hormone," in both the mother and the puppies. This hormonal release strengthens their emotional connection and fosters a sense of security and comfort within the litter.
Lastly, the warmth and gentle pressure from the mother's tongue help to regulate the puppies' body temperature, especially in the early stages when they are unable to maintain their own heat effectively. This thermoregulatory effect is vital for the survival of neonatal puppies, as maintaining a consistent body temperature is crucial for their development and growth.
In summary, a dog's instinctual behavior of licking its puppies is driven by a combination of biological, hygienic, and emotional factors. This multifaceted process not only ensures the immediate survival and health of the newborns but also lays the foundation for their long-term well-being and bond with their mother.