What are keratinocytes in dogs? - briefly
Keratinocytes in dogs are specialized cells that produce keratin, a protein crucial for maintaining the skin's structure and integrity. These cells are primarily found in the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin, where they continuously differentiate and migrate to form a protective barrier.
What are keratinocytes in dogs? - in detail
Keratinocytes are the primary cell type found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, in dogs as well as other mammals. They play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and health of the skin.
The epidermis is composed of several layers, with keratinocytes being the predominant cells in the stratum spinosum (prickle cell layer) and stratum corneum (horny layer). In the basal layer of the epidermis, keratinocytes actively proliferate to replace those that are lost from the surface. As they move upwards through the layers, keratinocytes undergo a process called keratinization, where they produce keratin, a tough, fibrous protein that provides strength and protection to the skin.
Keratinocytes in dogs also perform essential functions such as synthesizing and secreting lipids, which help maintain the skin's barrier function. This barrier is vital for preventing water loss and protecting against external irritants, allergens, and pathogens. Additionally, keratinocytes are involved in the immune response by producing cytokines and other signaling molecules that can activate immune cells.
In dogs, the health of keratinocytes is essential for overall skin well-being. Disruptions or abnormalities in keratinocyte function can lead to various skin conditions, including inflammation, infections, and even certain types of cancer. Therefore, understanding the biology and function of keratinocytes is crucial for veterinary dermatologists in diagnosing and treating skin disorders in dogs.