What vaccines are given to adult dogs? - briefly
Adult dogs typically receive core vaccines such as distemper, parvovirus, and adenovirus (hepatitis), which protect against common and serious diseases. Additionally, based on lifestyle and risk factors, they may be given non-core vaccines like Bordetella bronchiseptica (kennel cough) and Leptospira bacteria.
What vaccines are given to adult dogs? - in detail
Vaccination is a crucial aspect of canine healthcare, and while puppies receive a series of core vaccinations, adult dogs also require regular immunizations to maintain their protection against various diseases. The specific vaccines administered to adult dogs depend on several factors, including the dog's lifestyle, geographical location, and potential exposure to certain pathogens. Here is a detailed overview of the vaccines typically given to adult dogs:
Core Vaccinations:
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Distemper-Adenovirus-Parvovirus (DAPP or DHPP): This combination vaccine protects against four serious diseases: distemper, adenovirus (hepatitis), and parvovirus. Distemper is a viral disease that affects the respiratory and nervous systems, while adenovirus causes liver infection. Parvovirus targets the intestinal tract, leading to severe gastroenteritis. The DAPP vaccine is administered annually or every three years, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations and the dog's risk factors.
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Rabies: Rabies is a fatal viral disease that can be transmitted to humans through infected animals. All dogs should receive regular rabies vaccinations, typically given every one to three years, depending on local regulations and veterinary advice. The frequency of rabies vaccinations may vary based on the specific vaccine used and regional requirements.
Non-Core Vaccinations:
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Bordetella (Kennel Cough): Bordetella bronchiseptica is a bacterium that causes infectious tracheobronchitis, commonly known as kennel cough. This highly contagious respiratory disease is common in environments where dogs are in close contact, such as boarding facilities, dog parks, and grooming salons. The Bordetella vaccine is recommended for dogs that frequently interact with other canines or visit high-risk locations. It is typically administered intranasally (into the nose) and may need to be given annually or more frequently, depending on the dog's exposure risk.
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Leptospirosis: Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that can cause severe kidney and liver damage in dogs. The disease is transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil, making it more common in regions with high moisture levels and specific environmental conditions. Vaccination against leptospirosis is particularly important for dogs that spend time outdoors, especially in areas where wildlife may carry the bacteria. This vaccine is usually administered annually or as part of a combination product with other non-core vaccines.
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Canine Influenza (H3N8 and H3N2): Canine influenza is a viral respiratory disease that can cause coughing, fever, and lethargy in dogs. The virus has two strains, H3N8 and H3N2, both of which require separate vaccinations for protection. The influenza vaccine is recommended for dogs that participate in dog shows, visit boarding facilities, or frequent areas with high canine populations. Vaccination may be given annually or more frequently based on the dog's risk factors.
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Lyme Disease: Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted by ticks, particularly the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis). The vaccine for Lyme disease can help protect dogs that live in or visit endemic areas where the risk of tick exposure is high. This vaccine is typically administered annually or as part of a combination product with other non-core vaccines.
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Coronavirus: Canine coronavirus causes gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea and vomiting. While the vaccine does not provide complete immunity against the disease, it can help reduce the severity of symptoms in infected dogs. The coronavirus vaccine is often administered as a combination product with other non-core vaccines and may be given annually or based on veterinary advice.
Conclusion: The specific vaccines required for adult dogs will depend on individual factors such as lifestyle, geographical location, and potential exposure to diseases. Regular consultations with a veterinarian are essential to determine the most appropriate vaccination schedule for each dog. By maintaining up-to-date vaccinations, pet owners can help ensure their dogs remain protected against various infectious diseases and maintain overall health and wellbeing.